Amygdalus korschinskii, commonly known as Korschinsky’s almond, is a deciduous shrub or small tree belonging to the Rosaceae (rose) family and closely related to the almond genus (Prunus). It is native to arid and semi-arid regions of the Middle East, Central Asia, and parts of the Eastern Mediterranean, where it thrives in rocky, dry, and mountainous habitats.
Key Characteristics:
- Size & Growth: Typically grows as a shrub or small tree, reaching a height of 2 to 5 meters.
- Leaves: Simple, narrow to lanceolate, and often adapted to dry conditions with a somewhat leathery texture.
- Flowers: Blooms in early spring, producing pink to pale white flowers, similar to those of other almond species, which attract pollinators like bees.
- Fruits: Produces small, dry drupes (almond-like fruits) with a hard shell, containing seeds that resemble almonds but are often bitter due to high amygdalin content.
Habitat & Ecology:
- Found in rocky slopes, dry hillsides, and steppe regions at moderate to high altitudes.
- Well adapted to drought conditions and poor, calcareous soils.
- Plays an important ecological role in soil stabilization and as part of xerophytic (drought-resistant) plant communities.
Uses & Importance:
- Ecological Role: Provides habitat and food for wildlife, helps prevent soil erosion in arid landscapes.
- Traditional & Medicinal Uses: Some local communities use its seeds and extracts for medicinal purposes, though the high amygdalin content can be toxic.
- Genetic Resource: Considered valuable for breeding drought-resistant almond cultivars.
